By Carmen Llamas
Have you ever spotted an accessory or wondered over a dialect word? Language could be a robust device with which you may create a character; it may be a standard flooring among humans or can be utilized as a divide among social teams. This Companion is for someone who's attracted to how and why humans converse and write with such diversity.
The Routledge significant other to Sociolinguistics contains articles via major students within the box on:
- methods of remark and analysis
- social correlates
- socio-psychological factors
- socio-political factors
- language change.
With a considerable A-Z thesaurus of keyword phrases and ideas, instructions for additional research, and unique cross-referencing with hyperlinks to the thesaurus, The Routledge significant other to Sociolinguistics is either a necessary broad-based advent for these new to the sphere, and a hugely priceless reference for the extra complex linguist.
Read or Download The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics (Routledge Companions) PDF
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Additional resources for The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics (Routledge Companions)
Sample text
These resources circumvent, or at least complement, intuition-based judgements of grammatical acceptability. g. Adger and Smith 2005) gives an encouraging indication that as time goes on the sociolinguistic variable is being given more space as a useful analytical and explanatory device in theoretical frameworks that might previously have viewed even the most systematic variation as a ‘nuisance factor’. In applications such as forensic linguistics and language pathology and therapy any sidelining of the role of systematic variation can be dangerously counterproductive (Nolan 1997; Foulkes and French 1999; Oetting 2005; Watt and Smith 2005), and it seems inescapable that the development of 10 VARIATION AND THE VARIABLE reliable human–computer interfaces – especially speech recognition systems – can progress beyond their present point only if sociolinguistic variation at multiple levels of structure is afforded a more central role.
I concentrate on issues of transcription, choice of linguistic variable for analysis, identifying the envelope of variation, coding, and statistical analysis. TRANSCRIPTION Although not a necessary step in the analysis, the task of identifying and analysing variable morphosyntactic forms is greatly aided by full transcription of the interview data. This is an extremely time-consuming initial stage, but one which is worth the effort, as the data can be mined for a number of variables without the need to return to the original recordings every time another variable is analysed.
However, morphosyntactic variation has also garnered considerable attention, with a plethora of studies into variables which are common to a large number of dialects. These include was/were alternation as in (1) below; negative concord, as in (2); verbal –s as in (3); non-standard verb forms as in (4); copula deletion as in (5) and quotative be like, as in (6): (1) The coppers let them go to see if they was the bastards. (Cheshire 1982: 44) (2) I ain’t got no money. (Howe and Walker 2000: 111) (3) Her gives me a hug and a kiss when I comes in and one when I go.