The Politics of Mental Illness: Myth and Power in the Work by Jan Pols

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Additional info for The Politics of Mental Illness: Myth and Power in the Work of Thomas S. Szasz

Example text

Although ostensibly serving suspects’ interests, in fact this measure turns against them, because the consequence is that they are removed to psychiatric institutions to be treated. If the treatment succeeds, the trial proceeds, so that the suspect is in fact locked up (punished) twice. If treatment fails, which is common, then the suspect remains detained in the Mental Hospital. Szasz quotes Hess and Thomas who studied the effect of this legal procedure in Michigan. 48 Their study indicated a nearly complete role reversal between psychiatrists and judges, as well as confusion around the entire procedure.

The latter is, historically speaking, the oldest function. It is practiced in part by scientific and rational maneuvers, and in part by symbolic maneuvers. The term “mental illness” itself is in part a rational and in part a symbolic maneuver. So are psychiatric diagnoses. A diagnosis can be considered rational inasmuch as it describes a certain behavior. It is symbolic inasmuch as it evokes a certain feeling that in turn evokes a certain action. Examples of the latter are psychopathy and hysteria, and even more so the words psychopath and hysteric.

Szasz considers involuntary commitment the epitome of coercions and deprivations of liberty in psychiatry as a social institution. Involuntary commitment is perhaps the subject most frequently examined by Szasz, precisely because it so spectacularly exemplifies depriving of liberty a person who has not violated any law. 45 Not only is mental illness a myth, but the concept is too vague to be a useful instrument in court procedures, and to form the basis of rulings that profoundly affect human lives.

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