Urban Water in Japan (Urban Water Series) by Rutger de Graaf, Fransje Hooimeijer

By Rutger de Graaf, Fransje Hooimeijer

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Sample text

The Meireki Fire ravaged 60% of Edo and claimed over 100,000 victims. Ietsuna, the fourth shogun, believed that the absence of maps of Edo were a reason that the Meireki Fire claimed so many lives. Immediately after the fire, the shogunate initiated the production of maps of the entire city based on Western-style surveying techniques that were revolutionary in quality compared to the military maps that had been produced up to that point. ’ The Five Kanbun Maps were drawn from such survey maps and newly measured data.

The Five Kanbun Maps were drawn from such survey maps and newly measured data. 2 The multifunctional water front The low-city was the site of commoner economic activity, having developed initially during the medieval period because of the trade and commerce in and around the port of Edo. The waterfronts were in rudimentary condition, with no stonework along the water’s edge. But with the expansion of commercial activity in Edo and the establishment of its distribution systems, the waterbanks improved and began to take in a distinctive configuration (Jinnai, 1984, 75).

In the phase of acceptance the inhabitants were subjected to the forces of water and wind and lived on higher grounds: they simply accepted the situation as it was. All settlements were started on natural built up heights, for the same reason the choice for the political and economical centre of Edo was on the Musashino plain. In spatial set up the high kernel of the caste towns is very closely related to the Dutch cities. D. Measures of defence against the water were taken which were the most important condition for the creation of cities.

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