By D.W. Harding
This publication was once written at a time while the older traditional diffusionist view of prehistory, mostly linked to the paintings of V. Gordon Childe, used to be below rigorous scrutiny from British prehistorians, who nonetheless however appeared the ‘Arras’ tradition of japanese Yorkshire and the ‘Belgic’ cemeteries of south-eastern Britain because the made from immigrants from continental Europe. Sympathetic to the assumption of inhabitants mobility as one mechanism for cultural innovation, as widely known traditionally, it however tried a serious re-appraisal of the southern British Iron Age in its continental context. next model in later prehistoric stories has favoured monetary, social and cognitive techniques, and the cultural-historical framework has principally been outdated. regimen use of radiocarbon relationship and different science-based functions, and new box information caused by developer-led archaeology have revolutionized realizing of the British Iron Age, and once more raised problems with its dating to continental Europe.
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Extra resources for Routledge Library Editions: Archaeology: The Iron Age in Lowland Britain
Sample text
We have become so accus tomed to ditched enclosures as an element of the prehistoric landscape that we may under estimate the extent to which a thick, thorn hedge could provide an adequate substitute, with very much less labour. Even ‘open settlements’, therefore, may have been much less vulnerable than that name implies. Elsewhere I have attempted to show (1972, 11 ff) that there is a division in the Upper Thames between this kind of settlement north of the Thames and west of the Cherwell, and the enclosed settlements which characterise the district around Dorchester-on-Thames, where new cultural influences from the south-east were more readily absorbed or imposed.
But some Iron Age fine-wares do have a wider distribution, and though still hand-made, imply techniques beyond those of the locally produced wares. An example of the latter is the fine-ware angular pottery from Long Wittenham, Berks, which stands out from the coarse native pottery made in imitation of it and found on the same site. In such circumstances, several possible interpretations present themselves. We may claim that these finer vessels were the work of invaders, producing in Britain pottery which approximated to that to which they were accustomed in their Continental homeland.
At Beard Mill, however, again the best preserved unit in the series, lengths of fencing join at right angles, and furthermore, at one point, appear to flank an approach road to the nucleus of the settlement. Elsewhere, in the absence of gullies, linear spreads of pits achieve a similar effect of land-division, perhaps because they were formerly aligned along a fieldboundary which has not survived in the ground. Finally, of course, these pit-clusters them selves are a structural common denominator of all the component settlements of the group, though not one of any special significance in terms of settlement pattern, except in so far 26 EN C LO SU RE T Y P E S AND S T R UC TU R AL P A TT ER NS as they reflect land-divisions, as on the aerodrome site and perhaps even at Linch Hill (South).