By Diana Childress
Can one invention particularly swap the realm? prior to the mid-fifteenth century, books have been published via hand, making them infrequent and dear. interpreting and studying remained a privilege of the wealthy--until Johannes Gutenberg constructed a computing device known as the printing press. Gutenberg, a German metalworker, begun within the 1440s through making movable type--small steel letters that have been prepared to shape phrases and sentences, exchanging handwritten letters. Movable kind healthy into frames at the printing press, and the clicking then produced many copies of an analogous web page. As movable variety and the printing press made publication creation a lot quicker and cheaper, examining fabric of every kind grew to become to be had to a much wider viewers. In Gutenberg's time, Europe used to be already near to a brand new age--an explosion of worldwide exploration, medical discoveries, and political and non secular adjustments. Gutenberg's printing press helped propel Europe into the fashionable period, and his legacy continues to be within the hundreds of thousands of books and newspapers published every year to maintain us knowledgeable, entertained, and attached. certainly, Gutenberg's improvement of the printing press turned certainly one of history's pivotal moments.
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Additional info for Johannes Gutenberg and the Printing Press (Pivotal Moments in History)
Sample text
DID PRINTING IN ASIA I N F L U E N C E G U T E N B E RG ? Most scholars argue that travel and trade between Asia and Europe was too limited for Gutenberg to have gained much technical knowledge about printing from Asian sources. European travelers who went to China during the thirteenth and JOHANNES GUTENBERG AND THE PRINTING PRESS fourteenth centuries when Mongol rulers encouraged trade never 48 mentioned printed books when writing about their experiences. Marco Polo and others noticed paper money but did not describe how it was printed.
At last, Gutenberg had the equivalent of a woodblock to print from. Only this block, called a form, was made of durable metal and its components could be easily disassembled and rearranged to print something different. A few thousand pieces of type could print hundreds of copies of many books. The next problem Gutenberg faced was finding the right ink. Water-based ink used for block printing did not spread evenly on the metal typefaces. Again, no doubt by trial and error, Gutenberg came up with a mixture that seems to have included lampblack (soot scraped from glass placed above a burning candle and used as black pigment in water-based inks), heated lead and copper oxide, and boiled oil, possibly linseed oil.
But children still learn many Chinese characters, which are occasionally used in academic papers and official documents. With his knowledge of metals, he probably did not even think of modeling pieces of type from clay or carving them from wood. One possibility would be simply to carve each individual piece of type from metal, just as punch cutters cut dies for minting coins or for tooling leather. But cutting one punch can take a skilled worker a full day, and Gutenberg needed thousands of pieces of type to work with.