By Frans H. van Eemeren, Rob Grootendorst, Francisca Snoeck Henkemans, Douglas Walton, John Woods, David Zarefsky, Ralph H. Johnson, Christian Plantin, Charles A. Willard, J. Anthony Blair, Erik C. W. Krabbe
Publish 12 months note: First released in 1996
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Argumentation concept is a highly multidisciplinary box of inquiry. It attracts its facts, assumptions, and strategies from disciplines as disparate as formal good judgment and discourse research, linguistics and forensic technology, philosophy and psychology, political technological know-how and schooling, sociology and legislations, and rhetoric and synthetic intelligence. This offers the turning out to be crew of students and scholars with an issue of entry, because it is even for these energetic within the box no longer universal to have received a familiarity with correct facets of every self-discipline that enters into this multidisciplinary matrix.
This e-book bargains its readers a different finished survey of some of the theoretical contributions that have been made to the research of argumentation. It discusses the historic works that supply the heritage to the sector and all significant ways and developments in modern research.
Argument has been the topic of systematic inquiry for twenty-five hundred years. it's been graced with theories, akin to formal common sense or the criminal idea of proof, that experience obtained a roughly settled provenance with reference to precise concerns. yet there was not anything so far that qualifies as a unified normal conception of argumentation, in all its richness and complexity. This being so, the argumentation theorist should have entry to fabrics and strategies that lie past his or her "home" topic. it truly is accurately in this account that this quantity is obtainable to the entire constituent examine groups and their scholars.
Apart from the ancient sections, every one bankruptcy presents a cost-effective creation to the issues and techniques that signify a given a part of the modern study software. as the chapters are self-contained, they are often consulted within the order of a reader's pursuits or examine standards. yet there's worth in examining the paintings in its entirety.
Jointly authored via the very humans whose learn has performed a lot to outline the present nation of argumentation conception and to indicate the way in which towards extra basic and unified destiny remedies, this ebook is an impressively authoritative contribution to the sphere.
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Additional info for Fundamentals of Argumentation Theory: A Handbook of Historical Backgrounds and Contemporary Developments
Example text
As will be clear from ordinary usage, however, formal logicians have neither been granted a patent for this term nor do they hold the monopoly of its use. 1. INTRODUCTION 23 ality or reasonableness taken as starting point in their study of argumentation and to the specific goals aimed for in these studies. In a sense, these studies can all be seen as particular views on what we are to understand by valid argumentation. By these lights, every theoretical contribution to the study of argumentation provides us with a definition of (particular aspects of) pragmatic validity, depending on a specific, usually implicit, conception of rationality.
He distinguishes a "formal" or "logical" tradition, originating in Plato, an "empirical" tradition, familiar from the eighteenth century and derived from "common sense," and a "critical" or "transcendental" tradition, starting with Kant. These traditions find, according to Toulmin, expression in three different approaches to rationality: a geometrical, an anthropological, and a critical approach. Each of them induces a particular approach to argumentation. The geometrical approach relies heavily on formal logic.
It is already clear from the defender's answer to question (3) that the defender is going to contradict himself. Of course, this only happens if the attacker phrases 42 FUNDAMENTALS OF ARGUMENTATION THEORY the questions in such a way that the defender does not, at once, realize what the attacker is getting at. Moreover, the defender must answer in such a way that he causes the attacker the greatest possible difficulty.