By Eckardt, Regine, Regine Eckardt, Gerhard Jager, Tonjes Veenstra
Can language swap be modelled as an evolutionary strategy? Can notions like version, choice and festival be fruitfully utilized to evidence of language improvement? the current quantity ties jointly a variety of strands of linguistic study which could deliver us in the direction of a solution to those questions. in a single of the youngest and quickly starting to be parts of linguistic examine, mathematical versions and simulations of festival dependent advancements were utilized to situations of language swap. through matching the anticipated and saw developmental traits, researchers gauge current versions to the wishes of linguistic purposes and overview the fruitfulness of evolutionary types in linguistics. the current quantity confronts those stories with extra empirically-based experiences in creolization and ancient language swap which undergo on key ideas of evolutionary types. What does it suggest for a linguistic building to outlive its opponents? How do the interacting components in levels of creolization vary from these in usual language swap, and the way - accordingly - may well Creole languages vary structurally from older languages? the various authors, eventually, additionally deal with the query how varied points of our linguistic competence tie in with our extra basic cognitive capacities. the quantity comprises contributions via Brady Clark et al., Elly van Gelderen, Alain Kihm, Manfred Krifka, Wouter Kusters, Robert van Rooij, Anette Rosenbach, John McWhorter, Teresa Satterfield, Michael Tomasello and Elizabeth C. Traugott. The e-book brings jointly contributions from components of analysis: the examine of language evolution by way of tools from manmade intelligence/artificial existence (like laptop simulations and analytic mathematical equipment) at the one hand, and empirically orientated study from old linguistics and creolisation experiences that
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Additional resources for Variation, Selection, Development: Probing the Evolutionary Model of Language Change
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Croft 2000). As language is a complex system which exhibits the evolutionary processes of variation, selection, and self-replication/inheritance, we can thus conclude that it must have evolved – and is still evolving – according to the process of natural selection, and accordingly, language change may be viewed as an evolutionary process that is subject to the same (general) forces driving biological evolution. g. Lass (1990, 1996, 1997, 2003); Keller (1990[1994]), McMahon (1994), Haspelmath (1999), Croft (2000, 2005, 2006), Ritt (1995, 1996, 2004) and Seiler (2006).
3. Linguistic replication Various questions are involved here: 1. 2. 3. 4. What are linguistic replicators in the first place? What are the units of linguistic replicators? What is the material basis of linguistic replicators (and replication)? What is the replication mechanism? In the following these issues will be addressed in turn. What are linguistic replicators? Are there language memes? – Looking at the literature, the answer seems to be positive. Croft (2000: 28) uses the term LINGUEME (attributed to Martin Haspelmath), which captures the analogy to Dawkins’ term ‘meme’, while Ritt (2004) literally adopts the term ‘meme’ for linguistic replicators.
1956 or Stevick 1963), just that the idea hadn’t caught on yet, at least not in the linguistic community. 26 Anette Rosenbach According to Dennett (1995: 343), evolution occurs whenever the following conditions exist: (1) variation: there is continuing abundance of different elements (2) heredity or replication: the elements have the capacity to create copies or replicas of themselves (3) differential “fitness”: the number of copies of an element that are created in a given time varies, depending on interactions between the features of that element and features of the environment in which it persists.