By John Locke
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Sample text
Memoirs of what passed in Christendom from p. 1672 to 1679, j- Whence come ye? It answered, From Marinnan. The prince, TOwhom do yoti belong? The parrot, To a Portuguese. Prince, What tlo yo11 there? I1;lrrot, I look after the chickens. The prince laughed, ;tnd said, Yorl look after the chicltcns? Tlic parrot answered, Yes, I, and 1Itnow well enough how to do it. 5 4 Of Identi& and Diversity. Rook e. Parrot, J e gardez les poulles. The prince laughed, rtnd sniil, Vous gardez les poulles ? The parrot answered, Oui moi, & je scai bien faire ; and made the cliuck four or five times that people use to make to chickens when they call them.
Thus any part of our bodies, vitally united t o that which is conscious in us, makes a part of ourselves : but upon separation from the vital union, by which that consciousthzt which a inoment since ness is comm~~nicated, was part of ours~lvcsis now no more so than a part of another man's self is a part of me; and it is not impossible but in a little time may become a real part of anotllcr person. And so we have the same numerical substance become a part of two different persons, and the sarile person preserved under the change of various substances.
The identity of soul alone makcs the same man, and there be nothing in the nature of matter why the same individual spirit may not be united to different bodies, it will be possible that those men living in distant ages, and of different tempers, may have been the same man : which way of speaking must be, from a very strange use of the word man, applied to an idea, out of which body and shape are excluded. zCI Diversity. Book $2. ringcs, be dctrndcd into the bodies of beasts, as fit h:tbitations, with organs suited to the satisfactiou of their brutal inclinations.