By Tim R. Birkhead, Anders Pape Møller
Must-read ebook for any critical scholar or researcher who's drawn to the most recent methods within the topic of sexual choice.
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Extra info for Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection
Example text
Seealso Parker et al. ) species differing only in average number of males present, N. The result is similar to the previous model; counterintuitively, males should decrease their expenditure as the number of competing males increases, for all Ni > 2. Expenditure has a maximum at Ni = 2, but if N~ - 1, there is no sperm competition, and so an arbitrary minimum ejaculate should be released, as in the risk model with perfect information. Optimal ejaculate characteristics in the absence of sperm competition were analysed by Shapiro and Giraldeau (1996) and Ball and Parker (1996, 1997).
Single ejaculation (see Section VII) and subsequently in models of sperm size and number (Parker 1993). The passive sperm-loss model accounts well for the paternity pattern obtained both in zebra finch and domestic fowl, Gallus gallus, sperm competition (Colegrave et al. 1995" Birkhead et al. 1995). If sperm die or are otherwise passively lost after being transferred to the female, the relative numbers of sperm present in the fertilization set (the set of sperm used at the moment of fertilization; Parker et al.
IX. Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I~ I. 3 5 9 12 24 31 44 47 48 INTRODUCTION My initial review on sperm competition (Parker 1970a), which focused on the insects, attempted to demonstrate that ejaculates commonly overlap in the female tract and to indicate how paternity could be estimated. Its main aim was to outline the wide variety of adaptations which can arise through sperm competition as a selective force in evolution.