By Eerik Lagerspetz
This publication deals a finished assessment and critique of an important political and philosophical interpretations of the elemental result of social selection, assessing their plausibility and trying to establish the hyperlinks among the speculation of social selection and the extra conventional problems with political concept and philosophy. during this regard, the writer eschews a powerful methodological dedication or technical formalism; the process is as a substitute in line with the presentation of political proof and illustrated through a variety of real-life examples. this enables the reader to get conversant in the philosophical and political dispute surrounding balloting and collective decision-making and its hyperlinks to social selection theory.
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Extra resources for Social Choice and Democratic Values
Example text
But unanimity was not always attainable. In the sixth century, St. Benedict introduced the rule that in cases of a disagreement, ‘major et sanior pars’ (‘greater and wiser part’) of the relevant assembly should decide. This formula was enforced by the Lateran Council in 1179, and it remained in the canonical law up to 1917. Until the fourteenth century, sanioritas or reasonability of an opinion could override mere numerical superiority. The sanioritas of an opinion was deduced from auctoritas (the external attributes of the supporter of an opinion), from meritum (the advantages and merits of voters and candidates), and from zelus (their motives).
Mackie, G. (2003). Democracy defended. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. May, J. D. (1978). Defining democracy: A bid for coherence and consensus. Political Studies, 26, 1–14. McGann, A. (2006). The logic of democracy. Reconciling equality, deliberation, and minority protection. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press. McLean, I. (1991). Forms of representation and voting systems. In D. ), Political theory today (pp. 172–196). Cambridge: Polity Press. McMahon, C. (1994). Authority and democracy.
But even there, it was mainly restricted to circumstances in which preserving independence of judgment was paramount, such as jury trials (Schwartzberg, 2014, ch. ). After the fall of Rome, the practice of vote-counting lost its significance, and was more or less forgotten. For centuries, the Catholic Church was the most organized political institution in the Western World and the preserver and transmitter of the intellectual and political heritage of antiquity. Moreover, its offices could not (legitimately) be inherited, bought, or acquired through military superiority.