By Derek Offord
This e-book experiences the paintings of 5 Russian liberal thinkers who have been energetic within the interval 1840-60 opposed to the final heritage of Russian background, literature and idea in that interval. All 5 thinkers (to each one of whom a separate bankruptcy is dedicated) performed a major half within the flowering of Russian letters within the 1840s, and have been taken with the try out of the intelligentsia, the sense of right and wrong of the kingdom, to carry extra humane and enlightened values to their backward and semi-feudal state. by way of the 1850s, while a extra radical wing started to emerge within the intelligentsia, the moderation of those liberals grew to become extra obvious. whereas the radicals have been ready to countenance progressive upheaval, the liberals counselled endurance, toleration, and gradualism. In his end Dr Offord explores the potential purposes for the failure of the liberal tendency, represented by way of those thinkers, to set up itself correctly in Russia.
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Additional resources for Portraits of Early Russian Liberals: A Study of the Thought of T. N. Granovsky, V. P. Botkin, P. V. Annenkov, A. V. Druzhinin, and K. D. Kavelin
Sample text
74 But even more in his private life than in his writings Belinsky's 'sacred spark'75 fired contemporaries and inspired those who knew him to pursue the truth in the service of 26 Portraits of early Russian liberals Russian letters irrespective of their temperaments and instinctive political preferences. Thus Herzen, Ogaryov, Nekrasov and Panayev, on the one hand, and Granovsky, Botkin, Annenkov, Kavelin and Turgenev, on the other, were unanimous in their acknowledgement of Belinsky's moral example, although the two groups were subsequently to disagree profoundly about the practical goals to which that example should properly encourage the intelligentsia to aspire.
At the same time Hegel stressed the importance of 'world-historical individuals' {die weltgeschichtlichen Individuen), figures such as Alexander the Great, who might be seen as the instruments of the will of the developing Spirit and who were to exercise a fascination for several Russian thinkers even after the initial reverence of those thinkers for Hegel had diminished. 28 Enthralling as Hegelianism was for the Westernisers and durable as some aspects of the system were to prove among them, however, it could not for long dominate the thinking of an intelligentsia instinctively critical of the tsarist regime and contemporary Russian society.
It was no less moribund than Nicolaevan Russia, though moribund in a different way. If in Russia it was the government and its legion of functionaries which spread gloom throughout the land, in France it was the bourgeoisie which poisoned society with its exploitation and its values. The heir of a 'brilliant nobility and a coarse plebeianness', the bourgeois combined the worst failings of both and had none of the qualities of either. He was wealthy as an aristocrat but parsimonious as a shop-keeper.