By Massimo Pigliucci
A brand new voice within the nature-nurture debate will be heard on the interface among evolution and improvement. Phenotypic integration--or, how huge numbers of features are on the topic of make up the complete organism, and the way those relationships evolve and alter their function--is an incredible progress quarter in study, attracting the eye of evolutionary biologists, developmental biologists, and geneticists, in addition to, extra greatly, ecologists, physiologists, and paleontologists. This edited assortment provides a lot of the simplest and latest paintings the subject.
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Extra resources for Phenotypic Integration: Studying the Ecology and Evolution of Complex Phenotypes
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L. 1951. Natural selection and the differentiation of angiosperm families. Evolution 5: 299-324. THE DIVERSITY OF COMPLEXITY 17 Stone, J. R. 1998. Ontogenic tracks and evolutionary vestiges in morphospace. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 64:223-238. , and P. Eklov. 2002. Effects of habitat and food resources on morphology and ontogenetic growth trajectories in perch. Oecologia 131:61-70. , K. Ruohomaki, and M. Montola. 2000. Crowding-induced plasticity in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): weak evidence of specific modifications in reaction norms.
Phenotypic Evolution: A Reaction Norm Perspective. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA. Schlichting, C. , and H. Smith. 2002. Phenotypic plasticity: linking molecular mechanisms with evolutionary outcomes. Evolutionary Ecology 16:189-211. Schlosser, G. 2002. Modularity and the units of evolution. Theory in Biosciences 121:1-80. Schmalhausen, I. I. 1949. Factors of Evolution. Blakiston, Philadelphia, PA. Seeley, T. D. 2002. When is self-organization used in biological systems? Biological Bulletin 202:314-318.
Without an interplay between the two, many subtle and interesting research programs could degenerate into nothing more than parameterization of single-trait optimality models. It is not surprising, then, that essentially all of the chapters in this volume address this complex relationship in some way. Part I highlights those chapters that draw on empirical work and take questions of adaptation and constraint as a central theme. Although adaptive evolution and constraints on adaptation are often characterized as opposing forces (see Schwenk and Wagner, Chapter 18), the nature of their relationship depends a great deal on the role that limitations on trait variation and covariation play in selection.