By D. A. Jackson (auth.), K. T. V. Grattan, B. T. Meggitt (eds.)
Optical Fiber Sensor Technology covers either the rules and functions of this expertise. Drawing upon top overseas specialists for authoritative chapters reflecting the current state of the art, the publication includes crucial instructional fabric at the basics of optics and optical fibres, experiences of the underlying know-how and current and power destiny purposes.
broadly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, this quantity will end up a useful resource for researchers, engineers and complex scholars from the fields of optoelectronics/optics and/or size and sensors.
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Sample text
Two types of connector are available. The first type is the 'butt-joint' connector, which brings the fibers into very close proximity or into direct contact. Back-reflections are inherently minimized in the latter case, and can be largely avoided in the former case by filling the space between the fiber ends with a refractive index matching liquid or gel. e. no relative lateral offset or angular deviation should exist) and there should be no axial separation for minimum connection loss. The second type of connector which is available is the 'expanded beam' type.
A description of this analysis is beyond our scope here, but references [4]-[6] cover this topic in detail. The exact analysis can be simplified by approximating under the condition that nl - n2 « nl. This is called the 'weakly-guiding' approximation and is described in reference [7]. For a circular-core fiber, these analyses lead to several different eigenvalue equations for the different classes of modes. 12) Here, U = (nl 2ko2 - ~2)1/2b; W = (~2 - n22ko2)1/2b; J m = Bessel function of the first kind; Km = modified Bessel (Hankel) function; b = core radius; m = azimuthal mode order.
15 dB km- I for lightly doped silica, as described in [13]. 2 dB km-I. The absorption peaks centered in the ultraviolet region also have significance for fiber photosensitivity, which will be discussed later in the chapter. Impurities present in the fiber can greatly increase absorption losses. 380 llm, and many commercially available fibers possess these peaks. The combined effect of these intrinsic loss mechanisms is additive and is plotted in Fig. 13 for a typical fiber. The final intrinsic loss mechanism of which we must be aware is the phenomenon of leaky mode loss.