By Olga Weijers
Disputation and debate have followed human improvement from its beginnings. in spite of the fact that, what we nonetheless name disputation, technically conversing, is a specific approach to reasoning and analysing, regarding both a debate among humans, or of 1 individual with himself. it truly is this system that's the thing of this learn. The disputation was once one of many major equipment of training and examine throughout the center a while. Tracing its improvement indicates the way it inspired the way humans tested summary difficulties. Reasoning and arguing approximately contradictory positions remained a characteristic of highbrow lifestyles good into the 19th century, and the perform continues to be alive even at the present time. for a very long time the disputation used to be the most software for analysing difficulties in a variety of fields, in particular in philosophy and theology. the most positive aspects have been the research of contrary positions and thorough dialogue of a number of the arguments for either side, the collective look for the reality in specified public disputations, the popularity that the reality may possibly vary from the realization reached and the willingness to simply accept higher arguments in the event that they introduced one towards the reality. All this can be usual of an highbrow perspective, the foremost gains of that are serious considering and sincere collaborative study, that also marks the Western international. The background of the disputation can let us know whatever in regards to the means during which we discovered to imagine.
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Extra info for In Search of the Truth: A History of Disputation Techniques from Antiquity to Early Modern Times
Example text
Later on in the same preface William sketches the mise en scene: But since the form of a discourse is the mother of satiety, and satiety of loathing, we will organise our discourse in a ‘dragmatic’ way (dragmatice, dragma, meaning here question). So 6i IN SEARCH OF THE TRUTH you, most Serene Duke, do interrogate, and let an anony mous philosopher answer to the interrogations. (Wiliam of Conches, Dragmaticon, ed. Ronca 1997, 9) Thus, it is not really a discussion between equal partners: the inter locutors do not have the relationship of teacher and pupil, but the dialogue is still an exchange of questions and answers - a form of dialogue characterised by William himself as the germs dragmaticon inter interrogantem et respondentem (Cardelle de Hartmann 2007, 37-42).
And the use Abelard made himself of this work is quite different. ) Even if Abelard’s Sic et non is not a form of disputation nor an example of the quaestio method (and is not a dialogue either, as af firmed by Reiss 1969, $70-871), its striking title was used to name the “ sic and non” method, that is the method of discussing a ques tion or problem by considering two contradictory arguments or au thorities, in short, what we have called above the quaestio method or the utrum - an method, but here limited to argumentation about authoritative texts.
I have also shown that the confusion between the two types of dispute is largely due to the use of the Latin term disputatio for both (Weijers 2005). ), but also for instance for the treatment or discussion of a text or a topic. So the interpretation of the term must depend on the context; it certainly does not always refer to what we would call a disputation. We can find traces of both types of disputation in Boethius, or more precisely, we can find the discussion of eristic disputation in his writings and also the method of the quaestio, one of the compo nents that led to the Medieval disputatio.