Handling experimental data by Mike Pentz, Milo Shott, Francis Aprahamian

By Mike Pentz, Milo Shott, Francis Aprahamian

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0/ 11 . e. i, " I I' I' I' Ii II I I~ I , 'I , ,I I I II I Ii d I I I ! i!! 11 11,1' ',' 11 'i i'l[ , ,1 , II! , Ii " II II II " I,,' II I , i. I ,I ii ll 'i d Ii II 11 [ ; Ii iii 'j ;i! , 3 2 " U, ,I Ii 'I I;, il II , I,ii II ilI. ,'Ii II IWW~WW~WW~~~~~~WW~WW~~~~~~~~~~~~~ o 2 113175 FIGURE 25 5 6 8 9 10 time/months 7 119/75 date The data from Table 7 plotted on log-linear or semi-logarithmic graph paper. 3 4 This is the equation of the curve plotted in Figure 23. 65 months. 6 months and so on.

If the second experimenter had taken 20 readings of the same reliability as yours, what would be the best estimate? There is no need to know what the 20 individual values were. 0, whatever the individual readings were. 6, whatever the individual readings were. 1 cm 3 . Clearly the number of readings taken is one important factor in determining the precision of a result. Is it the only factor? Take a look at Figure 27. 0 cm 3 . 0cm 3 - would carry the same weight. Does it look from Figure 27 as though they ought to?

01 g in the mass of aluminium, which is 10 times larger in fractional terms. As a general rule : Find out as early as possible in an experiment what the dominant errors are, and then concentrate your time and effort on reducing them (if the precision of your experiment is not sufficient for your purpose). Take care when differences alld powers are ill wired Suppose that you measure two angles in an experiment, 0 1 = (73 ± 3) degrees and O2 = (65 ± 3) degrees, and calculate the difference, i:e. 0 = 8 1 - 8 2 = 8 degrees.

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