Gender and Social Policy in a Global Context: Uncovering the by Shahra Razavi, Shireen Hassim

By Shahra Razavi, Shireen Hassim

This ebook addresses the significant questions of the way social and fiscal rights were traditionally built and formed through approaches of political switch, fiscal buildings and reforms, and institutional layout and capacities. those conceptualizations and methods are deeply gendered even in contexts the place formal political equality has been received, and whereas gender is a continual marker of distinction throughout those areas, it intersects in quite a few methods with different axes of distinction reminiscent of type, race and age. The publication illustrates the significance of pondering past states and markets in social provisioning, together with in its research the interactions among those and different social associations akin to family members and group.

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Additional resources for Gender and Social Policy in a Global Context: Uncovering the Gendered Structure of 'the Social' (Social Policy in a Development Context)

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With a lower tax revenue the state has less fiscal capacity to provide the kind of social services that we know are critical for low-income households and for low-income women in particular, and indirect taxes also tend to be generally regressive. And yet while it is politically difficult, it is nevertheless possible to construct overall progressive tax systems that are effective in raising at least moderate levels of revenue to fund state social provisioning, even at comparatively low levels of development, as demonstrated by the example of Jamaica.

661). 20 Shireen Hassim and Shahra Razavi The current jargon – ‘fiscal restraint’ and ‘efficient allocation of resources subject to budget constraints’ – seems to suggest that the problems of targeting are technical. By contrast, Mkandawire (2005) underlines the ideological and political imperatives which determine the choice of instruments used to address poverty, inequality and insecurity. As the literature on social assistance programmes providing unreciprocated aid to the ‘deserving’ poor has repeatedly shown, there is a strong element of control that underpins targeted programmes which goes against current notions of citizenship and empowerment.

The next section examines the interplay between these factors more closely. Reach, capacity and legitimacy of state institutions There are enormous variations in state-society linkages and state capacity between developmental states in Latin America, Asia and Africa. Postcolonial governments in Africa were initially committed to the idea of an active state that would drive development and poverty reduction. As Robert Bates points out, although African governments adopted different developmental paths, ‘they were virtually all activist’ (Bates 1994: 15).

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