By Juan de Sahagun Lucas Hernandez
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Additional info for Fenomenologia y Filosofia de la Religion
Sample text
Resumimos su pensamiento. G. , ed. , 642. 7 Cf. , 645. 8 Cf. M. , ed. , 142. Cf. , 145. También R. PETAZZONI, Numen I (1954), 1-7. 48 Fenomenología y filosofía de la religión La fenomenología de lo religioso no es poesía, ya que interpreta lo que hay y no canta su idealidad. Tampoco es historia de las religiones, pues, aunque actúa sobre los datos, no se limita a recopilarlos, sino que intenta comprenderlos en su especificidad. Si no comprende, no tiene nada que decir. Igualmente se distingue de la psicología, en cuanto que ésta se ocupa solamente del impacto psíquico producido por la religión, mientras que aquélla abarca al hombre entero como agente y sujeto de la misma.
Para ello estudia la apertura constitutiva del ser humano a lo trascendente, mostrando su capacidad como oyente de la palabra. Es la justificación racional del hombre capax Dei de la teología clásica, que sugiere la serie de hechos especiales llamados religiosos registrados en la historia de la humanidad. «Nuestro quehacer consiste, por consiguiente —escribe el autor—, en encontrar cómo forma parte de la constitución esencial del hombre la apertura positiva a una posible revelación de Dios» 17.
2. Fenomenología de la religión 53 habrá que retrotraer sus comienzos mucho más atrás de lo que se piensa ordinariamente. G. van der Leeuw distingue cinco grandes etapas históricas que distribuye de este modo21: 1) Ilustración, 2) Romanticismo, 3) Filología romántica, 4) Positivismo romántico, 5) Filosofía actual. Estos períodos no comprenden la historia completa y detallada de esta ciencia, como confiesa el mismo autor, sino que representan momentos cumbre sobre los que se puede articular una visión histórica aproximada de la misma.