By Cem Eroğul
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Extra resources for An Essay on the Nature of the State
Example text
Considered in their interrelations with society as a whole, these are ussually referred to as 'political stystems' and/or political regimes'. 3 This is, indeed, crucially important for the unveiling of the nature of the state, but this 'secret' does not give us the form itself. Neither can the basic political funetions analysed here, give us directly the concrete forms of the state. The passage from the abstract level of general funetions to the concrete one of specific forms requires a series of particular analyses.
Whereas the second attitude, acknowledges 'change' but refuses to admit any sustained direction in 'it, thinks THE THREE FUNCTONS OF THE STATE 29 that it can be for better or, as most often seen, 'for worse\ that given 'human nature' no radical change in social life may be hoped for, that 'piecemeal' improvements are much more suitable, and besides more 'realistic' than visionary upheavals. The first attitude is revolutionary in essence, while the second one is conservative. The former is advocated by those wiıo are not satisfied with the present social order, the latter by those who are afraid of losing their present privileges in a new social order.
The labour-power of the members of the community and the means of produetion, was not an important problem. True, cannibalism existed, but it was not the main source of food. As the level of produetivity was very low, hunting for prisoners of war to be used as slaves was unknown. On the other hand, there was no accumulated wealth, and thus no booty worth fighting for. The chipped stones which constituted the majör means of produetion were easily made and, therefore, caused no problem of transportation or preservation.